Combination-tool.



*No. 650,436. Patented May 29, 1900.

F. B. TOWNSEND &. N. SHUIER.

COMBINATION 1001..

(Application filed Jan. 18, 1900.)

-.(No Model.)

m: uonn s runs 00.. PnuYauYno, wAsamsTom o c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK BOGAR'F TOWNSEND, 0F PENN YAN, AND NA'IT SQUIER, or

GUYUNOGA, EW YORK.

COMBINATION-TOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent NO. 650,436, dated may 29, 1900. Application filed January 18,1900. Serial No. 1,949. (No model.)

To (all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that we, FRANK BOGART TOWVN; sEND,residingat Penn Yan, and NATT SQUIER, residing at Guyunoga, in the county of Yates and State of New York, citizens of the United States, have invented a new and useful Gombination-Tool, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to improvements in combination tools to be used by carpenters and mechanics generally as a miter-square, bevel, and try-square, 'as well as on a pitchboard for laying out stair-stringers, and also for common rafters; and the objects that we have in vieware to provide asimple and cheap tool in which the parts are coupled for adj ustment to a variety of positions for use in connection with'a series of scales provided on the triangular member of said tool, as well as to enable the tool to be inverted and used to good advantage with either side thereof uppermost.

W'ith these ends in view the invention consists of a combination-tool having its parts inscribed, constructed, and arranged as will be hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

To enable others to understand the invention, we have illustrated the preferred embodiment thereof in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which Figure 1 is a plan View of a carpenters combination-tool constructed in accordance with our invention. 6 Fig. 2 shows the tool used in connection with'an ordinary steel square for use on jack-rafters. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through the stock and other elements of the tool on the plane indicated by the dotted line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4. is a detail'cross-section through the slotted part of the stock,illus-' trating the channeled form thereof in which the head of the adj usting-bolts are held against rotation. Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view on the plane indicated by the dotted line 5 5 of Fig. 1, illustrating the means by which the adjustable bar is held on the slotted triangle. Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view of the adj ustable bar, illustrating the scale of the ruling edge or face thereof. Fig. 7 is a detail View of the extension-arm detached from the triangular body or member of the tool.

Like numerals of reference denote like and corresponding parts in each of the several.

figures of the drawings.

1 designates the stock of our improved combination toohwhich is a straight bar or length of suitable material and is adj ustably attached by pivot and clamping devices to the triangular member of the tool, as will presentl y appear. .The opposite ends of this stock 1 are forked or bifurcated at the points indicated by the numerals 2-, and within these forked ends are pivoted the adj ustable' toepieces 3 and 4, which may be turned within the forked ends of the stock to project from either side or face thereof. Each toe-piece is pivoted eccentrically by a pin 5 within one forked end of the stock, so that the pointed heel of the toe-piece may lie substantially flush with one face of the stock when the toepiece is turned toone position for its free edge with the triangle on the upper side of the stock; but on inversion of the tool the toepieces are projected beyond that face of the stock to which the triangle and the adjustable bar are applied, so that the toe-pieces may extend outwardly from the stock for a distance proper to support the tool on the work and enable said tool to be employed without hindrance from the clamping devices by which the triangle is attached to the stock and the adj u'stable bar fastened to -the triangle.

On its lower or under face the stock 1 'is constructed with parallel side flan ges 6,which form between themselves the longitudinal channel 7, that extends the full length of the stock, and near one end this stock is formed with ashort longitudinal slot 9, while its other tool consists of the three limbs 11, 12, and 13, all made in a single-flat piece of metal, preferably steel, and each limb is inscribed with one or more scales, which areto be used in the service of the tool. The limb 11 has a longitudinal slot 14 and a scale 15 on its outer ed e. gl s to the limb 11, is likewise provided with a longitudinal slot 16 and with a scale 17 on its outer edge, while the limb 13,forming, as shown, the base or the hypotenuse of the triangle, contains the longitudinal slot 1S and" is inscribed with a plurality of scales. One

- scale on the limb 13, forming the base of the triangular body, is indicated at 19 as being inscribed at the outer ruling edge of the limb- 13, and this scale 19 is subdivided into a series of geometrical subdivisions indicative of the pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, and decagon,all as clearly indicated by Fig. 1. On the same side of the slot 18 as the scale 19 the triangular limb 13 is further provided with a scale 20, and on the opposite side of said slot 18 from the scales said limb 13 is furtherinscribed with the series of scales, (in dicated at 21, 22, and 23,) the purpose of which will hereinafter appear.

- The triangular body is attached at its apex pivotally to the short slotted end 9 of the stock by means of a pivot-bolt 25, which passes through an aperture in said stock and the slot 9. The headed end 26 of this pivotal bolt bears upon the triang1e,while its threaded end receives a nut 26, that is confined against rotation within the channel and between the flanges on the under side of the stock. The triangular body has its limb 13 adjustably attached to the slotted part 8 of the stock by an adjusting-bolt 27, which passes through the slots 8 and 18 in the stock and the triangle-limb 13, respectively, and the headed end 28 of this adjusting-bolt is confined within the channeled and flanged part of the stock, while the threaded end of the bolt receives a clamping-nut 29,adapted to span the slotted limb 13 and confine the triangle firmly in its adjusted position on the stock.

31 indicates the adjustable bar,which is provided at one edge with an offstandin g right-angled flange 30, that extends the full length of said bar, and the ruling or exposed face of this flange is inscribed with a scale 32, as shown by Fig. 6. The bar is provided for a part of its length with a longitudinal slot 33, and at its other end said bar has the transverse opening 33, which is adapted to aliue or coincide with the slot 14 in the triangle-limb 11 to permit the attaching-bolt 34 to pass through said perforated end of the bar 30 and the slotted limb 11 of the triangle. On this bolt 34: is fitted the clamping-nut 35, which is adapted to bind against the bar 31, and the headed end of the bolt 34 is arranged to bear against the lower side of the triangular body, whereby the bolt 34 and nut 35 are adapted to draw the bar 31 firmly against the body. The other end of the bar 31 is clamped on the triangular body The limb 12, which lies at right anby the bolt 36, which passes through the slot 33 in the adjustable bar 31 and the slot 16 in the triangle-limb.12,and to this bolt is screwed a clamping-nut 36, which may be tightened on the bolt to firmly clamp the slotted part ofthe bar 31 to the triangle-limb 12.

.The implement may be used for a variety of purposes by different adjustments of the several parts. When the stock 1 is adjusted toward the limb 11, the tool is adapted to serve as a square and miter.- Adjusting the --stock to the forty-five-degree mark on the.

protractor-scale 19 of the limb 13 renders the tool adaptable for a miter-square on both sides of the stock. The degree of inclination of the line may be ascertained by adjusting the stock to the right or leftof the forty-fivedegree indication onthe protractor scale within the limits of the four-degree to ninety degree indication. By moving the stock to scale 19 within the limits of the points marked from triangle to decagon a bisecting miter may be ascertained by marking along the limb 12 of the triangular body. Adjusting the stock along the scale 20 of the limb 13 indicates the side bevel for hip or valley rafters from one inch rise to eighteen inches to the foot. The side bevel to jackrafters from one inch rise to eighteen inches to the foot may be ascertained by adjusting the stock on the scale 22 of the limb 13. The scale 23 may be used in connection with the stock to indicate the miter across the face of plancher for hip or valley from one inch to eighteen inches rise per foot. Adjusting the stock to scale 21 will give the miter on face of facia for hip or valley from one inch to eighteen inches rise per foot. As. shown by Fig. 2, the tool may be used in connection with an ordinary steel square to indicate'th'e length of jack-rafters. By placing the triangular body on the square for the limb 12 or the extension-arm 37, attached to said limb 12, in line therewith, as shown by Fig. 2, to intersect with the run of rafters and move the triangle toward the heel of the square until the limb 12 moves a distance equivalent in inches to the spacing of the rafters the figure on the square-scale at the point where the triangle intersects with the square will give the length of the next jack-rafter. The scale 15 on the triangle-limb 11 represents the rise of roof, while the scale 17 on the triangle-limb 12 indicates the run of rafters. By placing the bar 30 across the scales on the two limbs of the triangle to the desired position the figure on the scale 32 of the bar 30 which intersects with the scale 17 on the limb 12 will give the length of the rafter. With the tool adjusted as described it may be inverted and ICC the bar 30 placed against the rafter for the may be used to attain the side bevel cut, as well as the plumb and level cuts, along the bar 30 on jack-rafters. The bar 30 and arm 37 may be detached, along with their bolts, and the toe-pieces adjusted to render the tool useful in an inverted position.

For laying out five-point stars the stock should be moved to the indication-mark .5 on the pentagon-mark on scale 19 of the triangle-limb 13. Then a straight line is drawn any length desired from point to point of the star. The stock 1 is placed against the edge of the board, and a mark is drawn along the edge of limb 11 of the triangle. The tool is then inverted and marked on the limb 11. The stock 1 is moved to the point 10 on scale19, or decagon. The stock is placed against the edge of the board, as before, and inscribed by marking along the limb 12.

The extension-arm 37 is designed to be attached to the limb 12 of the triangular body for the purpose of lengthening the limb 12, so as to mark across a wide board and enable the instrument to be used in connection with a steel square for ascertaining the length of jack-rafters and the like. To hold the extension-arm in alinement with the limb 12 of the triangular body, said arm 37 is provided at one end with a nib or shoulder 40, with a threaded aperture 41, and with a second lug 42, arranged on the opposite side of the aperture 41 from the nib or shoulder 40. As shown by Fig. 2, the extension-arm may be fitted to the limb 12 of the triangular body for the nib and lug 40 to enter the slot in the limb 12, and the lug 42 bears against the lower edge of the base 13, and a clampingscrew is then passed through the slotted limb and screwed into the threaded aperture, thus holding the extension-arm in alinement with the limb of said triangular body.

Slight changes may be made in the form of some of the parts, while their essential features are retained and the spirit of the invention embodied. Hence we do not desire to be limited to the precise form of all the parts as shown, reserving the right to vary therefrom.

Having thus described the invention, what we claim is 1. A carpenters combination-tool comprising a stock, a triangular body pivoted at its apex to the stock and adjustably clamped at its base to the stock, a bar adjustable across the limbs of the'triangular body, and the adjustable toe-pieces on the stock, substantially as described. 2. A carpenters combination-tool comprising a stock, a triangular body having each of its limbs scaled and slotted and with its slotted base inscribed with a series of scales, means for pivotally and adj ustably fastening the triangular body at its apex and base to the stock, and a transverse bar adjustably clamped to the limbs of the triangular body, substantially as described.

3. A carpenters combination-toolcomprising a stock, a triangular bodyattached thereto, an adjustable cross-bar clamped to the limbs of the triangular body, and an extension-arm detachably clamped to one of the limbs of the triangular body, substantially as.

described.

4. A carpenters combination-tool compristhe short slotted end of the stock and having.

the slot in its base-limb, a clamping-screw connecting the slotted base-limb of the triangular body and the long slotted end of the stock together, and a transverse bar clamped to the limbs of the triangular body, substantially as described.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our own we have hereto affixed our signatures in the presence of two witnesses.

FRANK BOGART TOWNSEND. NATT SQUIER.

\Vitnesses:

F. S. PLAISTED, F. B. NICHOLS. 

